Chapter I - Primary Elements

Chapter One introduces the four primary and basic elements of architecture: point, line, plane and form. Learning these elements is beneficial in helping us incorporate them and enhance our design.

1. POINT

A point simply defines a motionless and static position in space. It has no length, width or depth. It is also directionless and centralized. A point can be the focal point which draws attention to it, at the same time unifying the design as a whole. Different positioning of a point can create a different visual effect. 

In the example image, the flowers together form a point, exquisitely ornamenting the corner of the space, filling out the blank space and creating a sense of attractiveness. What’s more, the point balances the two other objects on the table and enhances the harmony of the design with its similar cream color and elegant air. 

2. LINE

A line can be seen as the trace of a point in motion, the continuity of several points, or the connecting segment of two points. A line defines the two-dimensional length, direction, border and edge of an object, which means it has a beginning point and an end point, as well as an indicated position and movement.

In the example above, the lines define the diagonals of the ceiling and the basic shapes of the windows. They serve as the motif of the design and introduce a sense of order and arrangement to the space. The clean lines also create harmony and reinforce the elegant feel of modern minimalism.

3. PLANE

Plane – formed by the extension of a line in a direction other than its intrinsic direction to create a two-dimensional surface. A plane has shape, length and width, but no depth. The properties of a plane act as a key element in interior design, capable of showing texture, pattern, color and so on.

In the image above, the plane is an abstract painting for decoration. It not only filled in the blank space on the wall, but also adds an artistic and delicate atmosphere to the whole design. The palette of the plane and its detailed texture suits its environment and help enhance the unity of the space. Moreover, there appears to be a branch-like shape on the painting, echoing the bouquet on the coffee table.

4. VOLUME

Volume – formed by the extension of planes to create a three-dimensional form and space. It has length, width and depth, as well as orientation and position. The volume contains all three basic elements mentioned above: points where planes intersect, lines where two planes meet and planes that define the boundaries of a form.

In the example image for volume, the counter forms a volume that satisfies both the aesthetic and functional quality. Also, the white color perfectly blends in its surrounding, creating a sense of harmony and unity, as well as an air of purity and sophistication. Moreover, the color makes the stools absolutely stand out from its background.

Image Reference:

19 Remarkable Foyer Designs In Traditional Style. Retrieved from https://www.pinterest.com/pin/519180663286320842/?lp=true

Modern Lake House. (2018). Retrieved from https://www.studio-mcgee.com/portfolio/2018/12/17/modern-lakehouse

The biggest interior design trends for 2017. Retrieved from https://www.pinterest.com/pin/26177241564857766/?lp=true

H&G Top 50 Rooms 2016: Kitchens & Bathrooms. Retrieved from https://www.pinterest.com/pin/359725088977446204/